Gearing.



E. H. AVERY.

GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED IvIAYze, I913.

Patend Aug. I?, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

.N NMI 63W' um 64mm COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPII cow.\SH|Na'roN. Il, L:

E. H. AVERY.

GEARING,

APPLICATION FILED MAYZG, 1913.

15150956. Pamfmg. 17,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ad@ f/f mveamvm, y Wm @g4 E. H. AVERY.

GEARING.

APPLlcAUoN FILED MAY 26. 191s.

` 1,150,568., Patented Aug. 417, 1915.

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EUGENE H. AVERY, OEBEADGATE, Iowa.

mentes.'

To all whom it may concern j Be it known that 1, EUGENE H. AVERY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Bradgate, inthe county of Humboldt and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Gearing, of which the following is 'a speciiication. Y j

The object of my invention is to providea f earing especially designed for use on a truck, comprising mechanism of simple, du! rable and inexpensive construction, for drivingall four wheelsof the car.

Still a further object to Vprovide a friction drive mechanism of new and novel construction whereby 1 am able to secure a maximum of frictional surface between the driven disk and the fiber band on the driving wheel when the machine is running eitherat high or low speed.

My invention consists in certain details, in the construction, combination and arrangement of the various parts of thev device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth,

pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows a top or plan view, partly in section, of a motor chassis, embodying my invention. Fig. 2 shows a detail, sectional' view of part of my friction transmission. Fig. 3 shows a detail, sectional view of one of my differential pulleys. Fig. 4 shows a detail view ofthe rope drive transmission to the front wheels. Fig. 5 shows a detail, sectional view of the mechanism whereby the, front wheel is mounted on the aXle. Fig. 6 l shows a sectional view through the ball and socket joint, shown in Fig. 5, taken at right angles to the view shown in said ligure.

v Fig. 7 shows a sectional detail viewof a portion of the sleeve or casing at the outer end of the front axle, and Fig.'8 shows a sectional vdetail view of a portion of one of the` front wheels, from the middle line of they vehicle.

ln the accompanying drawings l have used the reference numeral 10 to indicate generally the frame of my improved motor truck which is suitably mounted on front wheels 11 and rear wheels 12 mounted upon axles 13 on which are sleeves 14 and 15. Mounted on the frame 10 is an engine 1G of any suitable type for supplying power to my improved motor. Extending rearwardly from the engine is the engine shaft 17. On

. the shaft 17 is a feathered `sleeve 18. Be-

GEARING.

Specicatoii of Letters Patent. "Patented Aug. 1'?, 19 15. Application filed May 26, 1913. Serial No. 770,058.

tion, having ahub operatively connected with a transverse rock shaft 21 on which is a j lever 22 whereby the wheel 19 maybe given sliding movement on the shaft 17 On each side of the shaft 17 are rotatably mounted short shaftsv21 and 22. V@n the shafts 21 and 22 respectively are friction wheels 23 and 24. Adjacent to the middle of the-friction wheels 23 and24 each wheel is provided with a Vgroove or slot 25. At their outer edges the wheels 23 and 24 are beveled, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.V At the circumference of the friction wheel19 is a rim 26 having a beveled edge onwhich is a fiber friction band 27, designed in one position of the sliding movement of the wheel 19 to'engage the beveled edges of the wheels 23 and rllhe rim 26 is providedV on its inner surface,

adjacent to the shaft 17, with agroove or j slot 28.

l Formed on the sleeve 18 at its end adjacent to the wheel 19 is a friction wheel 29 on the periphery of which is a fiber fricy tion band 30. The wheel 29 is also provided at its outer edge with a beveled face which carries a liber friction band 29a.

The wheels 19, 23, 24 and 29 are so constructed that when the wheel 29 is opposite the slots or notches 25 or 28 the band 30 will be spaced apart from the rim 26 on the .Y wheels 23 Vand 24, as the case may be. The

wheels'23 and 24 are provided with inwardlyextending hubs 23a, having beveled faces designed to be engaged by the fiber bands 29a. ldhen the wheel 29 is moved to any position where the band 30 is between the slots 28 and 25, said band will engage the wheels 23 and 24 frictionally. Near the end of the sleeve 18, opposite the wheel 29 is a friction wheel 31, having a beveled edge whichcarries a fiber friction band 32, designed in one position of the wheel 31 to frictionally engage the beveled edges of the wheels 23 and 24. Formed on the sleeve 18, adjacent to the wheel 31 is a hub 33 operatively connected to a lever 34 whereby the Asleeve 18 may be givenV sliding movement on I do not confine myself to asmooth bevel 232l and abeveled face which carries the fric- 'l frame.

tion band 29a, as it would be possible to use beveled gears instead of friction gears at this point, and it is my intention to cover *beveled gears as Well as friction gears ffor ruiming at high speed.

' Near one side of the frame 10 is an upwardly and inwardly extending shaft 35,

imounted in bearings36 which arev adjust- -ably j 'bolts 37 extended through slots 38 on the y l @n the shaft 354 is a pulley 39. The shaft is located in front-of the-adjacent -mounted on the frame by. means of shaft 21. 'Located in the rear of the shaft 22, on the other side of the frame, is an up- Iward'ly and inwardly :extending shaft 4Q, mounted on the'fraine 1QinV a manner simi-- lar to the mountingof the shaft 35. Onthe shaftfis aV pulley V41.l @n each of the shafts 22 and 21 are two pulleys 42. The

shafts V13 are divided as shown in Fig. 3.

Y i Formed onthe parts 4of the shafts 13, at

- f pulley 43.

their adjacent ends7 are halves of the divided On the sleeves 14 and 15 are formed casings 46'for inclosing the pulleys 43 and forming a ofthe shafts. in each of the casings 44 is an opening tol permit the passage of the belt or rope hereinafter described. Secured to-one of the pulleys 42 on the shaft 22 is friction and rope a rope 46 which is extended over the pulley 41, then over the pulley 22, then over the pulley 43 and back forming a continuous belt. The object of providing thetwo pulleys 42 and theA auxil- 24. The sleeve 18 is moved to position where the wheel31 will not quite engage the wheels 23 and 24 and the wheel 29 is out of engagement in position so that when the wheel 20 is moved toward the wheels 23 and 24 the fiberl band 30 will be opposite the slot 28. The

engine is then startedand the wheel 19 is moved toward the wheels 23 and 24. l preferably irri-,reel ltthewheel 19 is movedin the Vopposite direction from the wheels v23 and 24.

sliding the sleeve on the shaft 17, the

fiber band 30 will engage the wheels 13 and 24 near their outer edges.

is moved toward the centers Vofthe'wheels 23 and 24 the speed of the machine'is` in-f firm support for the ends to the first pulley 42,

with thewheels 23 and 24 and provide mechanism whereby Vwhen the sleeve 18 is moved awayfrom'the As the wheel 29'V ,creased until the fiber surface;2 9,a v'engages the beveled edge ofthehub 23a when the car is at high speed.

' A. It will be observed that at low speed,` and at high speed, when the strain vr'on the mechanism is the greatest, the friction gears-are so formed that the Vbeveled edges engage,

By the use of the 'beveled surface, Iam also enabled to do away with' .the grinding whichV always occurs when friction gears arejineny Ygageinent at right j angles to each other.

When'the machine ltravels around a curve,

one-half of each of the pulleys. 43willjslip slightly with referenceV to the: other half,

thus allowing differentialmovement between Vtherebyenabling me to secure the widestV surface for frictional engagement at thetime when said engagement is most needed.

the wheels on eachaxle." Differential movement between the front and rear Vaxles is obtained by sliding of the friction gears. ff Y .The advantages of my." improved transj mission gearing may be largely seen'fromf the foregoing description.V 'haveprovided A a new andsimple form of differential which is far less expensive than the old differential gearing. On account of the arrangement of the pulleys 42, 41 and 39 l obtain a Vmaximum of frictional surfacefor the ropes`4f.

By driving both therear andfi'ont'wheels' a smaller' friction'a'l surface will drive theV machine than would be` the case ifV onlythe rear wheels were driven. By the arrange-gV ment and construction of my friction trans-V mission I secure broad beveled surfaces for engagement when the-machine is Vtraveling at low or high speed, thereby increasing the power transmitted overwhat would be possible with friction disks engaging each other at right angles. v In addition to the increased power thus secured 1 am able to do away with vthe grinding which would otherwise occur.

I will now describe the manner in whichV my front wheels are mounted on the axles to permit 'lateral turning of the front wheels for steering purposes. On the outer end of each axle 13 is a ball 50, shown in Fig.` 5. The sleeve V14 extends substantially to the ball 50. 1n oppositesides Vof the surfaces of the balls 50 are slotsl 51 which are wider at vone end than at the other. Received within each slot 51 and 'extending' substantially from one end to .the other thereof, is a curved band or belt 52. Secured toeach belt 52 is a pin 53 extendinginto the ball 50 and.

pivotally mounted therein. Secured to the oppositeend .of'each band Vor belt 52 is an outwardly extending band 54. Surrounding the bail 50 is a bearing 54n made in two parts, in which the bands 54 are pivotally mounted. y

By the` construction just described, the bearing 54a is permitted universal movement withV relation to the ball 570.,V Such movement is limited by the construction of the parts hereinafter described. A

The outer surface of the bearing 54a is angular'. The hub 55 of each front wheel is hollow and the interior thereof is so shaped as to fit the bearing 54a. On the outer side of the hub 55 is a cylindrical eX- tension 56 forming a grease cup on which is a cap 57. Extending through the hub 55 and the bearing 54a are grease openings 58 and 59. VThe opening 58 communicates with the grease cup 56.' (Jn its surface, adjacent to tle middle of the machine, the bearing hub 55 is provided on its inner side with an 'Y outwardly extending annular flange 61 at 54a is provided with an Vannular slot.` The hub 55 around said slot is screw threaded to receive a screw threaded annulus 60. The

the outer edge of which is an annular flange 62 extending toward the center of the machine. rl`he spokes 63 of the front wheels rest against the hub 55 and the fiange 6l and flat ring 64 are placed against the outer side of the inner ends of said spokes. The flange 6l, the hub 63 and the ring 64 are secured together by means of rivets 65. Formed on the inside of the flange 62 is part of a ball racer Rotatably mounted on the sleeve 14, adjacent to each wheel, is a sleeve 66, having an annular outwardly extending` flange 67 at its outer end, the periphery of which forms part of a ball race. The inner surface of the flange 62 adjacent to the ball racefis screw threaded to receive a screw threaded ring 68 whichV also forms part of a ball race. In the race are ball bearings 69. Secured to the ring G8 are similar circular belts '70, having central `'openings which register with each other, as shown in Fig. 8. The flange 67 is formed with a horizontal elongated slot.` The sleeve 66 is of the same width from top to bottom but is considerably wider at its inner than at its outer end, as clearly shown in Fig. 8. Formed on the outer end of the sleeve 14 is a portion having flat upper and lower surfaces and extending forwardly and rearwardly from the main body of said sleeve, which forms a bearing with relation to the sleeve 66.

On account of the construction of the ball 50, the pins 53 and 54, the bands 52, the bearing 54, the hub 55, the sleeve 66 and the sleeve 14 together with Vthe flange 67, the wheel is permitted to rotate on the vertical axis only. At the saine time a great advantage is secured in that the wheel is turned at its central and not on the short stub shaft as is ordinarily the case. In addition to this, the weight of the vehicle is carried on the ball 50. This is an advantage over carrying the weight on the stub shaft or on vpins similar to the pins 53 and 54 as is sometimes done. The parts of the bearing* 54n are secured to the hub 55 by means of of mounting the front wheels is found in the means for supplying oil or grease 4to the parts subject to friction- In the"` following claims, by the use of the term belt I mean to include rope or other suitable devices. i

It will be understood that a great many changes may be made in the details of the construction of my improved motor without departing from its essential features as defined in the following claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a device of the class described, a frame, an enginemounted thereon, an engine shaft operatively connected with the engine, .a friction wheel slidably lmounted on said shaft provided with a rim having` a beveled edge and having a slot in its inner surface, a counter-shaft, a friction wheel thereon, having a `beveled edge, a sleeveslidably mounted on said engine shaft, a friction wheel on said sleeve, having a beveled edge and provided with a friction band at its periphery, said wheel on said lcountershaft having a hub formed with a beveled edge designed to engage the beveled edge of the wheel on said sleeve in one position of the sliding movement thereof.

2. Ina device ofthe classdescribed, a frame,

an engine mounted thereon, an engine shaft hub formed with a beveled edge, designed to engage the beveled edge of the wheel on said sleeve in one position of the sliding movement thereof, said parts being so constructed that when said first friction wheel engages the wheel on said countershaft, the third friction wheel may stand in position with said band opposite said slot, said third friction wheel being then inoperative.

3. In a device ofthe class described, a frame, an engine mounted thereon, an engine shaft operatively connected withV the engine, a friction wheel slidably mounted on said shaft, provided with a rim having a beveled edge and having a slot in its inner surface, a countershaft, a friction wheel thereon, having a beveled edge, a sleeve slidably mounted on said engine shaft, a friction wheel on said sleeve, having a beveled edge and provided with a friction band at its periphery, said wheel on said countershaft having a hub formed with a beveled edge, designed to engage the beveled edge of the wheel on said sleeve in one position ofthe sliding movement thereof, said parts being so constructed thatwhen .said first Vfriction wheel engages the wheel on said countershaft, the third friction wheel may stand in position with said band opposite said slot, said third friction wheel being then inoperative, and a second friction wheel on said sleeve having a beveled4 outer edge. i

fin-a device of the class described, a

frame, an engine mounted thereon,an engine shaft, a counter-shaft, a friction wheel thereon having a beveled outer edge and provided with a hub having a beveled surface, a fric- ,tion wheel slidably mounted on said'engine shaft, having a beveled outeredge, a third ffriction wheel, slidably mounted on said engine shaft and provided with a beveled 'edge designed to enga-ge said hub 'in one Y position ofthe movement of said last de- Vscribed friction wheel and a friction band en the periphery of said third friction wheel designed to engage the face of said friction wheel on said counter shaft, said second and on having a beveled outer edge andprovided with a hub having a Vbeveled surface, a lfriction wheel slidabli,T mounted on said engine shaft, having av beveled outer edge, a

second friction wheel slidably mounted on said engine shaft andprovidedv with a beveled edge designed to engage said hub in one position of the movement of said last described friction wheel, a friction band on the periphery of said third friction wheel designed to engage the face of said friction wheel `on said countershaftthe wheel on` said countershaft being provided, with an annular slot on its face adjacent to said hub.

1 `6. In a device of the class described, a

powersha-ftfa sleeve mounted thereon, va 45 friction Wheel lon' said sleeve having a beveledv edge at 'its circumference, a friction wheel on the other end of said sleeve,"a coun-Y ter shaft arranged at right angles to the power shaft, a friction wheel inountedthere'-V 50 on, having a beveled edge at its circumfer-v ence, said sleeve being capable of' sliding movement on the power shaft andv of suffiycient length so thatthe two frictionwheels on the sleeve cannot both be in gear' with 55 the wheel on the counter shaft at the same" time.'

7. In device Vof the class described,l'a

power shaft, aV friction wheel'slidably mounted,V thereon, having a beveledv edge at` 60 its circumference, a second friction wheel slidably mounted on said shaft, a counter' shaft arranged at right angles to said power shaft, a friction wheel thereem'having Va. beveled edgevat its circumference, said .first 65 and second friction wheels being Aso constructed that they may standadjacentto each other with `the iirstwheel in engagement' withV said third wheel, and, with the'V second wheel inoperative, saidl third wheel,70

being provided with a gearing means attits hub, said second means being provided with gearing means adapted to coact with said last described gearing means. V

Des Moines, Iowa,'May 12, 1913.

EUGENE VH. AVERY.

Witnesses O. J. SHELDON,

M. E. Hier.

Copies of this patent may be obtained forve cents each, by addressing the Commissionerl of Patents,

. Washington, D. C. 

